Since the latest debacle of the manufactured debt crisis, once again  there has been increased “talk” about the role of government in relation  to the people.  Increasingly, there have been increased disdain on the  part of the extreme right for the involvement of government in the lives  of the average person.  Almost a nostalgic desire to return to those  days of self sufficiency.  Well, let’s look at those days of  self-sufficiency?  And when one looks at this it is important to look at  the dates in which one describes.  The right had the incredibly nagging  ability to keep changing their criteria.  Hence, I specifically would  address that period from the late 1890s to about World War I America.   First let’s talk about governing structure.  Second, the lives of  country and then industrial workers.
  Government up until the  late 1880s remained something aloof from the average person.  The State  government was far away and the local city government was run by the  local machine.  It does not matter what machine the democrats as well as  the republicans had them.  The local machines actually provided some  services to their supporters.  It was not all corruption, although a  good deal was.  They kept their workers employed.  The Spoils System was  in rampant use throughout the country since the Age of Jackson.   However, the system had gotten beyond the control of the people.  This  is a time period when there was no such thing as the party primary.  The  party bosses controlled the nomination systems and elections.  When one  could vote, the ballot was printed by the party.  When one went to  vote, they were asked what ballot they wanted, democratic or republican,  etc.  In 1888, Massachusetts introduced the Australian Ballot, the  secret ballot, from that point the state printed the ballot with all the  names listed and the various party divisions.  Progressives also  introduced the Presidential Primary, whereby party members could vote in  a primary to choose their presidential candidate, later it was extended  to local offices.  This Progressive reform diminished in some detail  the power of the party bosses.  However, it was not entirely  diminished. 
  Now, the period between 1880-1913, there were a  great many politicians who had a great deal of power within their  parties, or influence as one might call it today.  The party’s  importance may be found in its control of the state legislatures and  local politics.  New York City Tammany Hall machine politicians had an  inordinate amount of influence in Albany.  This also plays into the  choice for federal Senators.  Remember, Senators were chosen by the  state legislatures, who voted for a person recommended by their party.   During the period in question, there also remained an increased amount  of economic activity that was not regulated by the federal government.   In fact, the federal government did little to get involved in the  economic activity of the nation.  This is why one can see the vast  growth in monopolies from Railroads to Steel, to Meat Packing.  These  same monopolies could also count on support from the Senators they  purchased in the states and at the federal level.  In fact, the business  of government was to keep government out of business.  Even in the  depths of the first Great Depression of 1893, the federal government did  nothing to alter the private privilege of the economic dynamics of the  day.  Finally, in 1913, the 17th amendment came into effect and now, the  people choose their Senators.  The question remains do we want to go  back to something like this????
  Beginning with Theodore  Roosevelt, a Progressive Republican, an oxymoron today, Roosevelt  determined that the federal government needed to get involved within the  economy so that the government was not held hostage to the demands of  private business.  Consequently, up to the early part of the twentieth  century, government did not see its primary responsibility to get  involved in the economic activities of the nation.  Today this is a bit  of a shock. 
  How did this affect the average person?  We  complain about government intervention for many reasons.  However,  beginning in the late 1880s and into the early twentieth century, the  average person began to demand that the power of government refocus from  its penchant for the rich and powerful to the average person.  Farmers  in the Midwest and South began early movements to organize for the  demand of government attention and regulation.  The whole idea of the  Silver Sub-Treasury System was to enable farmers to pay their debts and  provide for better lives.  In the cities, organized labor for both women  and men worked to get better wages and government reform for safer  working and sanitary conditions, lest we forget the tragedies of the  Triangle Shirtwaist Fire.
  The point here, and there is one, is  that government involvement in the lives of the average person began as a  demand on the part of the average person to eliminate the privileged  practices of business.  Big business held all the cards.  They  controlled how much one made for a job, what the conditions were, and  when one would be fired.  Business also had the money and influence to  allow government to look the other way.  Let the private sector take  care of these problems.  The problem is that the private sector NEVER  took care of the problem because it is not in its interest to do so.   Conditions and wages only got better when the people decided that the  federal government should use its power to end the privileges of the  wealthy elite and start to work for the average person.
  So where  it this going????  The point my friends is that while there may be a  good deal of things that, perhaps, the government should not do, the  fact remains it DOES protect the average person from the prurient  interests of business.  From the amount of lead that is safe to put in  your teeth fillings to the requirements that baby cribs should have  certain safety standards, it is OUR government.  The question remains do  we as a nation want to give this up?  Do we want to give up some of the  social safety net standards that have been achieved.  Things like  unemployment insurance.  You know that 6% deduction you pay, and your  employer better pay, so that in the event you lose your job you do not  suffer immediate economic ruin.  And Social Security, a separate post to  cover most of this will be necessary, nevertheless, this small  sacrifice to allow old people to have some living in their waning years  is something that the private sector would never be willing to fund.  In  fact, the private sector has no interest nor could it do what the  government does regarding many of the social services that the average  person obtains from the federal government.  And we have earned them.   The average person pays into all these programs so that their parents  are not on the street because they were not fortunate enough to save the  requisite money needed for their life threatening disease they caught.
  So  what should the role of government be????  Should we go back to the  days when the privileged and rich controlled the strings?  Or should we  become more active and demand that government provide the needs of the  people which it serves?  This is the debate.